Oil Seal Manufacturers | Oil Seal Suppliers - Hydraulic Seal

The sealing part, the metal case, and the spring are the standard three parts of an oil seal. The sealing component aims to prevent fluid leakage between the shaft and housing. The metal case will offer stiffness and strength as the seal is retained in the bore or recessed groove. The garter spring maintains radial force on the shaft and constant pressure, flattening the sealing edge to a specified width. In addition, the garter spring maintains the sealing lip's radial force around the shaft surface. The environment the oil seal will operate must be considered when choosing any material.

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An appropriate unit load must be kept at the seal-shaft interface for these seals to work as intended. These seals can withstand 15 psi of pressure, and their performance is influenced by factors such as shaft diameter, speed, operating temperature, service circumstances, etc. Any rotating and moving parts combination must include oil or shaft seals. Oil seals are widespread in hydraulic cylinders, gearboxes, etc. The seals are also known as "dynamic oil seals" since they are used in places where motion is an issue.

• The function of the oil seals is to serve as a physical barrier that keeps the lubricant in the designated area.
• Second, they stop the lubricating oil from leaking outside despite high pressure.
• Third, it serves as a barrier to keep debris, contaminants, and other outside elements out of the system that contains the lubricating oil.

Constructional Aspects of an Oil Seal

• The inner skeleton of the oil seal, which gives it structural support, is an inner metal ring.
• Nitrile rubber and other materials, employed depending on the need, are used to make the outer skin.
• The spring on the oil seal's lip tends to support the lip while preventing leakage of the lubricant outside and the admission of foreign pollutants.

Types of Oil Seals

Double Lip Oil Seals

Along with the standard sealing lip, this also has an auxiliary lip. This type is advised for usage in polluted areas because the additional dust lip shields the main sealing lip from dust and other fine solid pollutants. Again, a sufficient lubricant should be used between the two sealing lips to achieve a long lifespan.

Advantages

• reduced likelihood of fretting corrosion
• good static sealing
• compensating for varied thermal expansions
• installation in split-housings
• modern lip design offers reduced radial forces
• effective protection against airside pollutants
• Higher bore surface roughness is permitted.

Duplex Oil Seals

Occasionally, two distinct fluids will mix after leaking from one chamber to another. This kind is advantageous in this case. This duplex-type oil seal with metal inserts is suggested for use on assemblies where it's important to avoid mixing different fluids.

Oil Seals Without Spring

This kind of oil seal may tolerate only very little speed and friction. It is advised in locations that must be sealed off from thick fluid or grease. For challenging applications, this is not advised.

Materials Used on Oil Seals

Nitrile synthetic rubber is used to make oil seals, and steel stiffener rings are used. Other rubbers like Viton™, silicon, neoprene, or poly acrylic can be utilized for particular uses. For example, brass or stainless steel stiffener rings may be used when sealing extremely corrosive fluids. For corrosion resistance, most springs are composed of spring steel that meets IS :Gr.ll standards, stainless steel, or bronze.

Type A Oil Seals

The interference fit between the flexible sealing element, often strengthened by spring pressure, and a shaft leads to the sealing of lip-type seals in most cases. Fluid retention is determined based on the precise amount of lip contact pressure. Most lip seals experience increased lip contact pressure on the shaft due to higher fluid pressure in the sealed area.

Advantages

• reduced likelihood of fretting corrosion
• good static sealing
• compensating for varied thermal expansions
• Installation in split housings is permitted, allowing for a higher bore surface roughness, and a modern lip design offers minimal radial forces.

Metal-Cased Oil Seals

Metal-cased oil seals are used when affixed to a housing bore of the same material. Due to the materials' ability to operate with equal levels of contraction and expansion, leakage is prevented. Generally speaking, rubber seals cost more than metal-cased seals.

Rubber-Cased Oil Seals

Rubber-cased oil seals are the most widely used oil seal implementation when a metal-cased oil seal has a probability of failing (for example, because of thermal expansion). In contrast to oil seals with metal casings, rubber-cased oil seals cannot rust. Additionally, oil seals with rubber cases are much more effective in sealing a housing with little damage than oil seals with metal cases. Fast-expanding rubber can provide a tight fit and more stable sealability at high temperatures and pressures.

The one that is used frequently is Type R. This kind has a carbon steel insert and a rubber outside diameter. Rubber has a great sealing ability even if the housing is not entirely within tolerance. The sealing lip with spring produces obstruction on the shaft for effective sealing. The outside diameter and inner metal reinforcement casing enable press-fitting in the housing with adequate interference on the rubber to ensure static sealing.

The sealing part is made out of nitrile rubber. Thanks to this and a high-quality galvanized steel garter spring, this oil seal has the longest lifespan conceivable. To prevent leaks brought on by a hydrodynamic pumping action, the sealing lip contact area on the sleeve or shaft must be devoid of any indications of machine life.

Type B Oil Seals

Type “B” oil seals resemble an "A" style seal. But, on the other hand, this has a metal case outside. This type is preferred with rugged housing, hot environments, and demanding jobs.

Advantages

• Excellent fitting stability prevents the seal from popping out.
• Low radial forces are provided by modern lip design.
• outstanding radial rigidity, particularly for very large diameters
• suitable for usage in conjunction with an axial seal
• cost-effective for pricey elastomer materials

The outer layer of the skin often varies depending on how the oil seal is applied. Here are some materials used to make this oil seal's exterior skin.

• The material that is frequently utilized for oil sealing is nitrile rubber.
• Silicone is used in specialized applications with minimal stress.
• Polyacrylate fluoroelastomer is also referred to as Viton™ in popular culture. When temperatures exceed 120° Celsius, high temperature-resistant materials such as this are utilized.
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

Factors to Consider When Using Oil Seals

Several conditions must be met for the oil seals to function properly. These factors are:

• The oil seal mounting shaft should be ground with a surface finish or roughness between 0.2 and 0.8 microns. The shaft should be hardened to at least 40 to 45 HRc. to avoid groove formation on the shaft due to the spring's pressure.
• To avoid wear grooves, which typically tend to wear out the oil seal's lip more quickly, the area where the oil seal is positioned must be plunge ground.

Choosing the Correct Oil Seal Supplier

To ensure you have the most beneficial outcome when purchasing oil seals from an oil seal supplier, it is important to compare several companies using our directory of oil seal suppliers. Each oil seal supplier has a business profile page highlighting their areas of experience and capabilities, along with a contact form to directly communicate with the supplier for more information or request a quote. Review each oil seal business website using our patented website previewer to quickly learn what each company specializes in. Then, use our simple RFQ form to contact multiple oil seal companies with the same form.

If you want to learn more, please visit our website Oil Seal Wholesale.

Look out for these common pitfalls, and don’t assume that a lubrication leak means seal failure.

A well-known technique for increasing pump reliability is sealing the bearing housing with permanent non-contacting Inpro/Seal Bearing Isolators rather than contact seals. Because contact seals use contact as their sealing method, they have a more limited life expectancy, since they can wear at the point of contact or groove the shaft. When this occurs, lubricant will escape to atmosphere and contaminants will enter the bearing housing, leading to bearing failure. Inpro/Seal Bearing Isolators effectively retain lubricants and exclude contaminants while providing a virtually infi nite life expectancy. This increases mean time between repair (MTBR).

The most common perception of bearing housing seal failure on process pumps is lubricating oil leaking from the bearing housing. For most operators, the analysis is simple: no leaking oil means the seal is fine while leaking oil equates to failure. Though true for contact seals, the presence of leaking oil from a Bearing Isolator is most likely due to factors other than seal failure.

Following are some of the more common causes of Bearing Isolator lubricant leakage in process pumps.

1. TOO MUCH OIL

It seems simple, but the greatest cause of Bearing Isolator leakage on process pumps is an over-filled bearing housing. It has become common practice for maintenance professionals to fi ll up to, if not a bit over, the maximum fill line. The thinking is that if leakage occurs, there will be extra lubricant available. This practice can inadvertently contribute to leakage. Fortunately, once returned to the proper level, Bearing Isolators will generally stop leaking and return to normal function. There may be some oil leakage as the seal clears itself of excess lubricant, but that should diminish over time.

2. ORIENTATION

Inpro/Seal Bearing Isolators have a lubricant return designed into their respective labyrinth patterns. This return needs to be installed at the bottom dead-center or six o’clock position of the Bearing Isolator for proper function. This allows oil to easily return to the sump.

3. OBSTRUCTED LUBRICANT RETURN PATH

Inpro/Seal Bearing Isolators are effective at collecting splash lubricant in their respective labyrinth patterns. Once they have collected the lubricant, they need a clear, unobstructed path to return collected lubricant back to sump. But the return path to the sump may be blocked by counter-bores in the housing, which were originally designed to provide a positive stop for pressed-in lip seals. The area between the bearing and the bearing housing seal may lack a drain channel. When this occurs, lubricant will accumulate in this area until the space becomes completely flooded and the seal leaks. To solve this, the area between the bearing and the Bearing Isolator must include an unobstructed return pathway to the sump. Relying on the lubricant to drain to sump only through the bearing will likely result in lubricant leakage.

4. IMPROPERLY APPLIED EXTERNAL OILERS

External oilers are extremely sensitive to position and must be installed on the proper side of the housing relative to the direction of shaft rotation following the manufacturer’s guidelines. Oilers must also be installed square and straight. The pipe connecting the external oiler to the bearing housing must also be suffi ciently ridged to prevent vibration or shaking the oiler. Questionable installations may result in over-filling of the bearing housing and subsequent lubricant leakage.

5. WIND

The forceful flow of air over a bearing housing can cause lubricant leakage by creating a pressure differential between the inside and outside of the bearing housing. Couplings and external cooling fans attached to pump bearing housings are a potential source of harmful air flow. Gapless, solid coupling guards that enclose the bearing housing seals with little or no gap around the bearing housing may induce leakage. While taking all required safety precautions, having some of the coupling and fan guarding accomplished by tight grating, rather than solid surfaces, allows for better air fl ow and helps prevent pressure from building.

6. IMPROPER NON-CONTACT SEAL SELECTION

Some Inpro/Seal Bearing Isolators are designed specifically for grease lubrication, others for oil or oil mist. There are some designs that can handle all lubrication types in a single design. In some instances, benefi ts can be achieved by designing Bearing Isolators for specific applications rather than relying on standard catalog items. For example, in pump bearing housings with a high degree of lubricant splash, designing the labyrinth pattern to communicate directly with the lubricant return path can greatly increase effectiveness. Inpro/Seal’s experienced sales and engineering team can design engineered-to-order seals quickly and economically, and ensure the seal design addresses any concerns and is applied to provide the best reliability possible. Time spent on up-front engineering tasks is well worth the effort, and assures the Bearing Isolators will perform as intended.

The advantage of permanent, non-wearing Inpro/Seal Bearing Isolators is that once properly applied, they perform essentially trouble-free for years with no degradation in performance. The challenge is that they require a bit more attention to application details. Taking the time to check a few simple parameters will go a long way towards ensuring trouble-free operation.

With over 60,000 individual designs, Inpro/Seal will design the right Bearing Isolator to meet equipment and environment requirements. Visit www.inpro-seal.com for more solutions.

About the Author: Neil Hoehle is Chief Engineer for Inpro/Seal, LLC, a Waukesha Bearings business. Hoehle has spent more than 35 years in the design and development of non-contact bearing housing seals, air-purged sealing, and other rotating shaft sealing devises and holds several related patents. Hoehle holds a B.A. from Western Illinois University and an M.B.A. from the University of Iowa.

him at  or call 309-756-.

*Article originally published in Pumps & Systems print magazine.

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